{"product_id":"stripped-cd","title":"Stripped CD","description":"\u003cp\u003eStripped is a live album by the English rock band the Rolling Stones released in November 1995 after the Voodoo Lounge Tour. It contains six live tracks and eight studio recordings.\nTracklist:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStreet Fighting Man2. Like A Rolling Stone3. Not Fade Away4. Shine A Light5. The Spider And The Fly6. I'm Free7. Wild Horses8. Let It Bleed9. Dead Flowers10. Slipping Away11. Angie12. Love In Vain13. Sweet Virginia14. Little Baby\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n","brand":"The Rolling Stones","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47133321920734,"sku":"00602527164298","price":19.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0638\/2659\/1966\/files\/rFobgbdloHvESPADAQhj51XaUWIWXOdmuo4yXVdTx6Y.png?v=1754073180","url":"https:\/\/checkout.complex.com\/products\/stripped-cd","provider":"COMPLEX","version":"1.0","type":"link"}